ARANY JÁNOS

Born March 2, 1817 in Nagyszalonta; died October 22, 1882 in Budapest. Poet, critic, literary historian, translator. Child of Protestant parents. Father of László Arany (q.v.). Completed early schooling in Nagyszalonta. Entered Debreceni Református Kollégium in November 1833 but forced to leave for lack of funds. Became assistant teacher in Kisújszállás in fall 1834. Returned to Kollégium in Debrecen in 1835 but left in fall 1836 and became actor in traveling company. Soon returned to Nagyszalonta, where he again became assistant teacher. Appointed assistant notary in 1839, later deputy clerk. Married Juliánna Ercsey in 1840. Resumed friendship with István Szilágyi, who had been fellow student in Debrecen and had become rector of Latin School in Nagyszalonta in 1842. In Vienna on official business for four days in 1843. Received Kisfaludy-Társaság Prize in 1846 for Az elveszett alkotmány, a narrative poem; awarded prize again the following year for Toldi which placed him at center of literary interest. Began friendship with Sándor Petőfi (q.v.) in 1847. In 1849 he became junior clerk in Interior Ministry of Kossuth government and went to Debrecen. Returned to Nagyszalonta at beginning of July but was forced to hide on August 8 when the city was occupied by Cossacks. Became tutor in Domokos Tisza family in 1850 and teacher in Reformed gymnasium in Nagykőrös in October 1851. Mihály Tompa (q.v.) visited him in February 1852, and Arany made first of several visits to Tompa in 1855. Awarded Academy Prize for 2 vol. edition of shorter poems in 1856. Member of Academy in 1858, its secretary in 1866, and its general secretary 1871-1877. In 1860 elected director of Kisfaludy-Társaság; moved to Budapest. Began and edited Szépirodalmi Figyelő 1860-1862; began and edited Koszorú 1863-1865. Sought to improve health at baths in Karlsbad in 1869 and 1876. Awarded Academy Prize for 6 vol. edition of complete works in 1873. In 1875 declined university professorship because of poor health. Summered on Margitsziget in 1877. Awarded Academy Prize for Toldi szerelme in 1880. Died week after participating in unveiling of Petőfi statue. ¶ Hungary's greatest narrative poet and, along with Petőfi, creator of realistic poetry grounded in folk traditions. Applied wide knowledge of European culture to writings. All writings show power of intelligence and skill in composition and use of language. Especially rich poetic diction. Wrote many kinds of lyric poems, but his epic poetry is better, especially his ballads, which surpass any written in Hungarian literature and sometimes had symbolic significance (e.g., "A walesi bárdok"). His epic poetry presents the legendary and historical past as a place of everyday happenings like those occurring in his own times, and seeks to define the Hungarian spirit so that the nation can confront the trials of the contemporary period. Toldi trilógia often considered to be fullest flowering of his genius and best narrative poem in Hungarian literature. Criticism and studies in Hungarian literature, in best traditions of scholarship, remain useful. Translations of Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream (1864), Hamlet (1867), and King John (1867) and of Aristophanes' comedies (1880) are landmarks in history of translations in Hungary. ¶ Editions of his poems are available in Chinese, Czech, English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Rumanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovakian, and Wendish; Toldi has been translated into Arabian, Chinese, English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Rumanian, Serbian, Slovakian, and Wendish; Toldi szerelme into German; Toldi estéje into English, Finnish, German; and Italian; Buda halála into Czech and English; and some of his poems into English, French, German, and Hebrew.

FIRST EDITIONS: Toldi. [Költői elbeszélés] Pest: Eggenberger, 1847. 120p. - Murány ostroma. [Költői] beszély. Pest: Emich Gusztáv, 1848. 127p. - Katalin. Tizenhárom énekben. [Elbeszélő költemény] Pest: Szilágyi, 1850. 47p. - Nagyidai czigányok. Hősköltemény négy énekben. Pest: Müller Gyula, 1852. 120p. - Toldi estéje. [Költői elbeszélés] Pest: Heckenast Gusztáv, 1854. 142p. - Kisebb költeményei. I-II. kötet. Pest: Heckenast Gusztáv, 1856. - Széchenyi emlékezete. Olvastatott az akadémia Széchenyi-ünnepélyen. Pest, 1860. [From Szinnyei, I, 229] - Buda halála. [Költői elbeszélés] Pest: Ráth Mór, 1864. 248p. - A Szent-Iván éji álom. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1864. [From Szinnyei, I, 229] - Hamlet, dán királyfi. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1867. (From Szinnyei, I, 229] - János király. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1867. [From Szinnyei, I, 229] - Összes költeményei. I-VI. kötet. Pest: Ráth Mór, 1867. - Prózai dolgozatai. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1879. 518p. - Toldi szerelme. [Költői elbeszélés] Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1879. 392p. - Aristophanes vígjátékai. [Fordítás] I-III. kötet. Budapest, 1880. [From Szinnyei, I, 230] - See also nos. 202 and 209 and p. 172.

EDITIONS

See also nos. 230 (letters), 240, 242, 244 (letters), 252, 3001 (no. 9), and 3356. Editorial work: no. 3867. Material in edition: nos. 1848 and 1195 (vol. 1). Annotated works: nos. 483, 1192, 1204, 1857, 2871, 3040, 3884, and 4271.

200. [Munkái]. Összes költeményei. Prózai dolgozatai. Shakespeare fordításai. I-VI. kötet. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1882-1885. [C]

1. kötet: Kisebb költemények. 18857. 473p.

2. kötet: Toldi. Toldi estéje. Buda halála. [Költői elbeszélések] 1882-1884. 116, 107, 96p.

3. kötet: Toldi szerelme. Elbeszélés. 18834. 434p.

4. kötet: Furcsa és elegyes költeményei. 1884. 522p.

5. kötet: Prózai dolgozatai. 18853. 466p.

6. kötet: Shakespeare fordítások: A Szent-Iván éji álom, Hamlet, dán királyfi, János király. 1884. 106, 208, 133p.

201. Összes munkái. [1st collected ed.] I-VIII. kötet. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1883-1885. [B]

1. kötet: Kisebb költemények. [1848-1880] 18833. 448p.

2. kötet: Elbeszélő költemények: Toldi, Toldi szerelme, Toldi estéje. 1883. 654p.

3. kötet: Elbeszélő költemények: Buda halála, Murány ostroma, Katalin, Szent László füve, Első lopás, Keveháza, Bolond Istók. 1884. 464p.

4. kötet: Elbeszélő és elegyes költemények: Az elveszett alkotmány, A nagyidai cigányok, Rózsa és Ibolya, Losonczi István, Jóka ördöge, Kóbor Tamás. Elegyes darabok [1847-1861]. 1884. 453p.

5. kötet: Prózai dolgozatai: Zrínyi és Tasso, Bánk bán, Írói arcképek (Gyöngyösi István; Orczy Lőrinc, Gvadányi József, Szabó Dávid, Ráday Gedeon), A magyar verselésről, Naiv eposzunk. Cikkek, bírálatok. 18842. 548p.

6. kötet: Shakspere színműveiből: A Szent-Iván éji álom, Hamlet, János király. 1884. 475p.

7. kötet: Aristophanes vígjátékai: A lovagok, A felhők, A darázsok, A béke, Az Acharnaebeliek, A madarak. 1. kötet: 1885. 591p.

8. kötet: Aristophanes vígjátékai: A békák, Lysistrate, A nők ünnepe, A nőuralom, Plutos. 2. kötet. 1885. 520p.

IC MnU NNC AsWN [AsWU] GeLU

202. Hátrahagyott iratai és levelezése. Összeállította és bevezette Arany László. I-IV. kötet. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1888-18891. [B]

1. kötet: Versek. [Önéletrajz, Őszikék (1877-1880); Kisebb költemények (köztük: Moore- és Burns-fordítások), Csaba királyfi, Daliás idők, stb.] 18881. 556p.

2. kötet: Prózai dolgozatok. [A magyar népdal az irodalomban, Irodalmi hitvallásunk, Bírálatok] 18891. 575p.

3. kötet: Levelek. A forradalom végéig, 1845-1849. A forradalom után, 1850-1851. Nagy-Kőrösön, 1851-1860. 1. kötet. 18881. 494p.

4. kötet: Levelek. Nagy-Kőrösön, 1851-1860. Szerkesztői és akadémiai évek, 1861-1876. Alkonyat, 1877-1882. 2. kötet. 18891. 475p.

IC ICU MnU [NN] [NNC] [AsWN] [AsWU] [GeLU] [GyBH] GyGNSU

203. Arany János--Petőfi Sándor levelezése. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1894. 221p. [C] NNC GeLBM

204. Hátrahagyott költeményei. Őszikék, költemények régiebb évekből, Csaba királyfi. Arany László bevezetésével és a költő önéletrajzával. Új, eredeti kiadás. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1899. 207p. [C]

205. Balladái. Magyarázza Greguss Ágost. [Bővített kiadás] Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 19003. 159p. [B] MiD FiHI GeLBM

206. Hátrahagyott prózai dolgozatai. Új lenyomat. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1900. 575p. [B] NNC

207. Művei. Új kiadás hat kötetben. Budapest: Franklin, 1900. [C]

1. kötet: Kisebb költemények és elegyes darabok. 532p.

2. kötet: Toldi. Toldi szerelme. Toldi estéje. [Költői elbeszélések] 564p.

3. kötet: Elbeszélő költemények. 541p.

4. kötet: Hátrahagyott versek. Bevezette Arany László. 390p.

5. kötet: Shakespeare-fordítások: A Szent-Iván éji álom, Hamlet, János király. [Drámák] 436p.

6. kötet: Prózai dolgozatok. 496p.

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208. Munkái. Sajtó alá rendezte és bevezette Riedl Frigyes. I-VI. kötet. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1902-1907. [C]

1. kötet: Kisebb költemények, 1847-1854. 1902. 323p.

2. kötet: Kisebb költemények, 1854 -1882. 1902. 300p.

3. kötet: Toldi. Toldi szerelme. Toldi estéje. [Költői elbeszélések] 1903. 428p.

4. kötet: Buda halála. Csaba királyfi. Az utolsó magyar. Édua. Öldöklő angyal. Daliás idők. Murány ostroma. [Regék, epikus költemények] 1905. 344p.

5. kötet: Önéletrajz. Költői elbeszélések. 1907. 287p.

6. kötet: Prózai dolgozatok. 1907. 377p.

DLC MH MnU NNC Ocl FiHI

209. Magyar irodalomtörténete. Közzéteszi és bevezetéssel ellátta Pap Károly. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 19111. 222p. [B] AsWU FiHI GyBH

210. Toldi. Költői elbeszélés. Magyarázta Lehr Albert. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 191814. 272p. [B] Ocl FiHI GeLU

211. Toldi estéje. Költői elbeszélés. Magyarázta Lehr Albert. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1918. 339p. [B] NcU Ocl FiHI GeLU

212. Novellái. Kiadta és bevezetéssel ellátta Gálos Rezső. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1923. 48p. [C] GyBH

213. Összes munkái. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. I-V. kötet. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1924?. [C]

1. kötet: Kisebb költeményei, Bevezetésül: Gyulai Pál Emlékbeszéde és Nekrológja, Arany János önéletrajzi levele. Arany László jegyzeteivel. 232p.

2. kötet: Elbeszélő költeményei: Az elveszett alkotmány, Toldi, Toldi szerelme, Toldi estéje, Daliás idők: első dolgozat, A földrengés: második dolgozat. A költő jegyzetei, glossarium. 235p.

3. kötet: Elbeszélő költeményei: Rózsa és Ibolya, Szent László füve, Losonczi István, Katalin, Bolond Istók, A Jóka ördöge, A nagyidai czigányok, Az első lopás, Keveháza, Buda halála, Csaba királyfi (első, második és harmadik dolgozat). Töredékek. Shakespeare fordításai: Szent-Iván éji álom, Hamlet, János király. 357p.

4. kötet: Műfordításai. Aristophanes vígjátékai: A lovagok, A felhők, A darázsok, A béke, Az Acharnaebeliek, A madarak, A békák, Lysistrate, A nők ünnepe, A nőuralom, Plutos. 356p.

5. kötet: Prózai dolgozatai: tanulmányok, írói arcképek, elbeszélések, bírálatok, elegyes cikkek, Nyelv és irály. 382p.

NN

214. Összes kisebb költeményei. Bevezetéssel és jegyzetekkel kiadja Voinovich Géza. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1925. 308p. [B] PP

215. Összes költői művei. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1937. 1768p. [C] MnU NNC Ocl GeCU GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH

216. Összes prózai művei. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1938. 1594p. [C] DLC MnU NN FiHI GeLBM GyBDS

217. Összes prózai művei és műfordításai. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1938. 2211p. [C] NNC

218. Toldi. A bevezető tanulmány Karácsony Sándor munkája. Budapest: Exodus, 1941. 60p. [C]

219. Toldi. [Költői elbeszélés] Keresztury Dezső bevezető tanulmányával. Budapest: Budapest Székesfőváros, 1947. 9lp. [C] GyBDS

220. Összes művei. Szerkesztette Keresztury Dezső. Eddig I-X., XII., XIV. kötet. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1951+. [A]

1. kötet: Kisebb költemények. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1951. 569p.

2. kötet: Az elveszett alkotmány. Toldi. Toldi estéje. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1951. 293p.

3. kötet: Elbeszélő költemények. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1952. 352p.

4. kötet: Keveháza. Buda halála. A hún trilógia töredékei. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1953. 288p.

5. kötet: Toldi szerelme. A Daliás idők első és második dolgozata. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1953. 581p.

6. kötet: Zsengék, töredékek, rögtönzések. Sajtó alá rendezte Voinovich Géza. 1952. 267p.

7. kötet: Drámafordítások. Shakespeare: A Szent-Iván éji álom, Hamlet, dán királyfi, János király. Sajtó alá rendezte Ruttkay Kálmán. 1. Kötet. 1961. 42lp.

8. kötet: Drámafordítások. Arisztophanész: A lovagok, A felhők, A darázsok, A béke, Az Acharnaebeliek. Sajtó alá rendezte Kövendi Dénes. 2. Kötet. 1961. 463p.

9. kötet: Drámafordítások. Arisztophanész: A madarak, A békák, Lysistrate, A nők ünnepe, A nőuralom, Plutos. Sajtó alá rendezte Kövendi Dénes. 3. Kötet. 1961. 612p.

10. kötet: Prózai művek eredeti szépprózai művek, fordítások, kisebb cikkek, tanulmányok, iskolai jegyzetek. Sajtó alá rendezte Keresztury Mária. 1962. 673p.

12. kötet: Prózai művek: 3. Glosszák, szerkesztői üzenetek, szerkesztői megjegyzések, előfizetési felhívások: Sajtó alá rendezte Németh G. Béla. 1963. 65lp.

14. kötet: Hivatali iratok: 2. Akadémiai évek (1859-1877), Akadémikusi iratai az Akadémiához (1859-1864), Akadémiai titoknoki iratai (1865-1869), Akadémiai főtitkári iratai (1870-1877). Összeállította Gergely Pál. 1964. 778p.

[DLC] [MH] [NN] [NNC] AsWU FiHU [GeLBM] [GeLU] GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

221. Népdalgyűjteménye. Közzéteszi Kodály Zoltán és Gyulai Ágost, szerkesztette Szabolcsi Bence. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1952. 204p. [A] DLC NN NNC FiHU GeLBM GyGNSU

222. Toldi. Toldi szerelme. Toldi estéje. (Elbeszélő költemények] Bevezette Barta János. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Kiadó; 19533. 418p. [C] DLC MH OC Ocl

223. Összes költeményei. Szerkesztette Keresztury Dezső. I-III.kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Kiadó, 1955. [C]

1. kötet: Lírai költemények, műfordítások. 1847-1882. 795p.

2. kötet: Elbeszélő költemények. 786p.

3. kötet: Toldi trilógia és változatai. Daliás idők. A földrengés. 725p.

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224. Balladái. A függelék Sőtér István munkája: Arany János balladái; sajtó alá rendezte Erdős Magda. Budapest: Magyar Helikon, 1957. 177p. [C] DLC NN NNC AsWN FiHI GyGNSU

225. Arany [János] Petőfi [Sándor] levelezése. Sajtó alá rendezte Szíjgyártó László, Hatvany Lajos előszavával. Budapest: Móra, 1959. 255p. [C] CU DLC MH NN NNC GeLBM GyBDS GyGNSU

226. Összes versei. Sajtó alá rendezte Keresztury Mária, a bevezető tanulmányt írta Keresztury Dezső. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1961. 775p. [C] DLC NNC

227. Toldi. Trilógia. [Elbeszélő költemények] Az utószót írta Sőtér István. Budapest: Magyar Helikon, 1961. 507p. [C] DLC NN NNC

228. Költemények. Kapcsos könyv. Hasonmás kiadás. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1962. 96, 30p. DLC NNC AsWN

BIBLIOGRAPHY

See also nos. 233, 235, 237, 241, 248, 257,265, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 288, 292, 2966, and 2976.

229. Arany János levelezésének czímjegyzéke. Összeállította Jónás Károly. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1899. 38p.

The place, date, writers, and other data on 1331 of his letters arranged in the following parts: (1) Petőfi's letters to Arany, (2) letters to and from Arany, (3) his correspondence regarding "rendjel," (4) letters written to him from abroad in French, English, and Italian, and (5) miscellaneous letters. DLC

BIOGRAPHY

See also nos. 301 and 3879.

230. Ercsey Sándor. Arany János életéből. Gyulai Pál előszavával és Arany János hatvan levelével. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1883. 211p. [1885, 1899]

A view of Arany, the man, by his brother-in-law based on relations with him, the things he heard about him, things Arany told him, and, mainly, letters written to him by Arany. No attempt at completeness, more an assembling of recollections and letters to reveal the poet's personality. Completed some weeks after Arany's death. MnU NNC AsWU GeLU

231. Gyöngyösi László. Arany János ifjúsága. Eger: Egri Nyomda, 1897. 150p.

An account of the first thirty years of his life, with chapters on Toldi, Petőfi and Arany, and Arany's humor. NNC

232. Kolozsvári Aladár. Arany János élete. Második bővitett kiadás. Mezőtúr: Török Ignác, 1907. 188p. [18971]

Closes with a 101-page discussion and analysis of his poetry. NNC

233. Gyöngyösy László. Arany János élete és munkái. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1901. 391p.

Attention to his relations with literary figures (chapters on Petőfi and Tompa) and to his writings (chapters on Toldi, Buda halála, and Toldi szerelme). Bibliographical notes, pp. 385-391. Illustrations, portraits, and facsimiles. MnU NN NNC AsWN GeLBM GyBH

234. Szinnyei Ferenc. Arany János. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1909. 166p.

Considerable attention to his works and literary development and to his relationships with other writers. Chapters on Toldi estéje, his ballads, his shorter epics, Buda halála, and Toldi szerelme. MH MnU NNC GeLBM GyBH GyGGaU

235. Dóczy Jenő. Arany János. Életképek. Budapest: Genius, 1929. 276p.

Six imaginative "pictures of his life" to show his individuality and his responses to and the influences of his times on him: the first two dealing with his boyhood, the third with the struggling young man, the fourth with his meeting Petőfi, the fifth with his life as a teacher at the Kőrösi gymnasium, and the sixth with his student years as recollected by one of his students. Bibliographical notes, pp. 261-276. IC MH MnV NN NNC OCl AsWU GeLBM GyBH

236. Voinovich Géza. Arany János életrajza. I-III.kötet. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1929-1938.

Major attention to his works, literary principles and characteristics, and other creative activities. Vol. I, 1817-1849; Vol. II, 1849-1860; vol. III, 1860-1882. DLC MH [MnU] NNC [OCl] AsWN FiHI GeLBM [GyBH] GyGNSU

237. Rolla Margit. Arany estéje. Budapest: Királyfi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1944. 182p.

The last years of his life, especially as they were affected by his relations with his daughter, Júlia, and with his only grandchild, Piroska Széll. Bibliographical notes, pp. 179-182. Illustrations and facsimiles. DLC MH MnU NNC GeLBM

238. Barta János. Arany János. Budapest: Művelt Nép, 1953. 190p.

Major attention to his writings - their ideas and literary characteristics - and to the influence of his environment and times on his development. DLC MH MnU NNC GeLBM GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

239. Arany János. 1817 1882. Szerkesztette Keresztury Dezső, V. Nyilassy Vilma és Illés Lászlóné. Budapest: Magyar Helikon, 1957. 155p.

A memorial book containing a summary of his life and literary career, excerpts from his letters, and numerous illustrations and facsimiles. DLC MH GyGNSU

240. Gergely Pál. Arany János és az Akadémia. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1957. 144p.

A detailed account of his participation in the activities of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences as secretary, 1866-1869, and as secretary-general, 1871-1877. Closes with a brief discussion of his relationship with the organization from 1878 to 1882. Appendix: Copies of original drafts of correspondence, reports, and announcements by Arany. Bibliographical footnotes. Facsimiles. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWN GeLBM GeOB GyBDS GyGNSU

241. Hegedüs András. Arany János a katedrán. Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó, 1957. 177p.

An account of his teaching activities at the gymnasium in Nagykőrös, based on an examination of his comments on and criticisms of students' papers, on the works of literary history and aesthetics he prepared for secondary school students, and an the principles and practices of his own literary training and disciplining procedures. Bibliographical notes, pp. 167-177. DLC NN NNC GeLBM GyGNSU

242. D. Szemző Piroska. Arany János napjai. Képzelt napló Arany írásainak felhasználásával. Budapest: Magvető, 1357.516p.

A journal constructed by the author from Arany's letters, March 2, 1845, to October 28, 1882. DLC IC MnU NN NNC ViU GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

243. Megyer Szabolcs. Arany János és Budapest. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1958. 52p.

His years in Budapest: his relationships with the city and the background of his poems dealing with the city. Illustrations. MnU NNC GeLBM GyBDS

244. Sáfrán Györgyi. Arany János és Rozvány Erzsébet. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1960. 178p.

An account of the relations between Arany and the Rozványs giving previously unknown details about his youth and the start of his literary career. Appendixes: (1) Letters dealing with the relationship, (2) Arany's first attempts to translate German artistically, and (3) Notes of György Rozvány dealing with the young Arany. Bibliographical footnotes. Illustrations and facsimiles. DLC MH MnU NN NNC AsWN GeOB GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

245. Keresztury Dezső. "Arany János nagyszalontai világáról," Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, LXIX (1965), 34-53.

His life in Nagyszalonta from 1836 to 1845: his education and his activities as a civil servant, his marriage to Júlia Ercsey, his environment, his relations with others, the development of his individuality, and the character of his wife. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWU GeLBM GyBH

246. Szilágyi Ferenc. Mint ha pásztortűz ég . . . Arany János élete. Budapest: Móra, 1965. 279p.

A fictional biography of his childhood, youth, and the period of his earlier literary successes. To 1850. CU DLC MnU NNC FiHI GyBDS

CRITICISM

See also nos. 52, 198, 340, 1486, 1962, 2015, 3001 (no. 9), 3007, 3093, 3099, 3150, 3155, 3378, 3835, 3883, 3892, 3975, 4133, 4298, 4326, 4618, 4624,and 4644.

247. Greguss Ágost. Arany János balladái. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1877. 204p.

Analyses of his ballads published in 1865 and in 1869, in the second volume of the Kisfaludy-Társaság Évlapjai: the subject, the thought, the meter, the development of each ballad with line-by-line explication and introduction of language or cultural knowledge required for understanding the verses. MH GeLBM

248. Riedl Frigyes. Arány János. Sajtó alá rendezte, a bevezetést és a jegyzeteket írta Balassa László. Budapest: Gondolat, 19577. 335p. [18871; 2d; enlarged, 1893; 19043; 4th, partly revised, 1920]

The chief characteristics of his writings and the way in which his writings relate to his life, personality, and environment. Begins with an examination of his life and personality, respectively, in order to analyze his work in their light. Appendixes: (1) Tables on the composition of Toldi szerelme and on the four periods of his ballad writing and (2) Summaries of important biographical and bibliographical sources on his life, his works, and the appearance of his writings in textbooks. Bibliographical notes, pp. 295-300; bibliography of Arany for the years 1917 to 1957, pp: 315-317. DLC InU MH MnU NN NNC AsWN FiHU GeCU GeLBM GeLU GeOB GyBDS GyBH GyGGaU GyGNSU

249. Hantz Jenő. A humor és Arany János humora. Budapest: Aigner Lajos, 1888. 70p.

A discussion of the meaning of humor and its use by Arany. Bibliographical footnotes.

250. Péterfy Jenő. "Arany János Őszikéi," Összegyűjtött munkái. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1901-1903. I, 248-258. [Appeared in Budapesti Szemle, LIII, no. 133 (1888), 152-157]

The short poems written in his last years viewed as expressions of his own feelings, thoughts, and attitudes. MH MnU NNC OCl GeLBM GeLU GyBH

251. Gyulai Pál. "Arany János," Emlékbeszédek. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 19143. I, 225-284. [18901]

His creative objectives and character and his literary development. A speech delivered a year after Arany's death, by one who knew him. MH MnU NNC GyBH

252. Dittrich Vilmos. A nagy-idai czigányok. Budapest: Hornyánszky Viktor, 1898. 102p.

Attempts to determine the source of his epic, the influences on and the circumstances of its composition, and its place in the epic literature of Hungary, and, in connection with these considerations, discusses the content of the work itself. Reports on its mixed critical reception, and gives historical and legendary background on the Siege of Nagyida Castle, on which the narrative is based. Appendix: The major variants in the two editions of the work. Bibliographical footnotes. NN NNC GeLBM GyBH

253. Offenbeck Frigyes: Arany János Buda haláláról. Budapest: Rózsa Kálmán és Neje, 1901. 64p.

Briefly examines Hun-Magyar legends and the users of such myths prior to Arany in Hungary, then turns to the study of various aspects of Buda halála: Arany's plans for the Hun epic, its history and legend, the characteristics of Etele and Buda in foreign tradition and in Arany's epic, the characteristics of Gyöngyvér and Ildikó, the nature of the lesser characters and the Huns in the poem, and its structure and language and its place in Hungarian literature. Bibliographical footnotes. NNC GyBH

254. Pap Illés. Arany János hún eposza. Budapest: Márkus Samu, 1902. 107p.

Mainly a study of Buda halála in relation to its genesis and circumstances of publication, reception, character, and place in Hungarian epic poetry. Bibliographical footnotes. GyBH

255. Kont, Ignác. Jean Arany. (1817-1882) Paris: F. R. de Rudeval, 1904. 86p.

A brief biography followed by chapters on his poetry by types: Les Poésies, Lyriques, Les Épopées, Les Contes Épiques. Attention to the contents of most important works, often accompanied by French translations. FiHI GeLBM

256. Pollák Miksa. Arany János és a Biblia. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1904. 194p.

Purpose: to show the extent to which the Bible influenced his language, materials and techniques, and the spirit and thought in his works. Discussion by individual works, examined first for external and then for internal influence. AsWU FiHI GeLBM GyBH

257. Staud János. A Toldi szerelmének keletkezése. Irodalomtörténeti tanulmány. Érsekújvár: Winter Zsigmond, 1904. 70p.

The genesis of Toldi szerelme, with attention to the two revisions of the work and its sources. Bibliography, p. [73].

258. Babits Mihály. "Petőfi és Arany," Nyugat, III (November 16, 1910), 1577-1590.

Takes a position against the bases on which the orthodox and the moderns have established their estimates of the relative merits of Petőfi and Arany. Maintains that Arany was the greater because, unlike Petőfi, he was not a "healthy" spirit, a member of the middle class, or "a simple mirror of the present," but "a soul who suffered and possessed a deep aristocratic sense of the past." MnU NN NNC FiHU GeLBM GyBH

259. Haraszti Gyula. Arany János. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1912. 118p.

An analytical study of his narrative poetry in relation to diction, methods of narration, subject matter, and, mainly, the direction of his treatment of intense emotion and passion. Last section concerned with his political and social ideas, his inner life and the Revolution of 1849, and his Weltschmerz. MnU NNC OCl GeLBM GyBH

260. Kozák Lajos. A metafora és Arany metaforái. Budapest: Markovits és Garai, 1912. 74p.

After a discussion of the metaphor, examines his metaphors to determine their sources and what they reveal about his imagination. Bibliographical footnotes. GyBH

261. Moiret Gusztáv. Arany János: Murány ostroma. Budapest: Süsz D.,1913. 59p.

A study of Murány ostroma dealing with its genesis, sources, characters, structure, humor, language and style, reception, and influence.

262. Helle Ferenc Hugó. Arany János Bolond Istókja. (Humora, mintái, életrajzi adatai) Kassa: Szent Erzsébet, 1914. 68p.

A study of Bolond Istók: its humor, the influences on it (particularly Byron and Petőfi), its autobiographical content. Also attention to his own humor, the origin of the type, aesthetic evaluation of the work, and explanations for the work's not having been completed. Bibliographical footnotes.

263. Kardos Lajos. Arany János Bolond Istókja. Iradalamtörténeti tanulmány. Debrecen: Szabad Királyi Város Könyvnyomda, 1914. 148p.

A study of Bolond Istók with respect to (1) the circumstances of its creation, its editions, and its reception, (2) its aesthetic characteristics, (3) the influence of Byron's Don Juan and Petőfi, (4) its autobiographical elements, and (5) its place in the development of Hungarian narrative poetry. Bibliographical footnotes. NNC FiHI

264. Földessy Gyula. Arany János, az ember és a költő. Budapest: Toldi Lajos, 1917. 54p.

Develops the thesis that Arany, in contrast to Petőfi, is conservative in nature, spirit, and outlook, and that this outlook is apparent in, and affected his poetry, especially the epics. NNC GyBH GyGGaU

265. Kéky Lajos. Tanulmányok Arany János epikájáról. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1917. 123p.

Four separate studies of his epic poetry, his epic poetry; the beginning of his career, the influence of Petőfi's János vitéz on Toldi, and the effectiveness of "Az utolsó magyar." An extensive bibliography of studies concerned with Arany's narrative poetry to January 1, 1917, arranged by works on his life and poetry, his narrative poetry, by title of the epic poem with which they are concerned, and then by type, pp. 106-123. NNC GyBH

266. Radnai Oszkár. Arany János nőalakjai. Budapest: Benkő Gyula, 1917. 254p.

Delineates his view of women in his lyrics and shorter epic poems, and describes individual female characters in his works.

267. Beöthy Zsolt. Arany János. Budapest: Bethlen Gábor, 1923. 59p.

Some biographical discussion, mainly of his early years, but primarily an examination of his literary development and the characteristics and merits of his literary works. NNC GyBH

268. Mitrovics Gyula. Arany János esztétikája. Debrecen: Csáthy Ferene, 1925. 28p.

A study of his aesthetics based on his various writings on literary matters and his critical treatises. Considers him to be concerned with beauty as to form, the good, and, especially, the true. Bibliographical footnotes. GyBH

269. Szabó István. Arany János nyelvének elemzése. Kecskemét: Hungária, 1927. 197p.

Analyses of the major attributes of his language under such chapter headings as: its dialectical qualities, archaisms, conciseness, etc. Discussion followed by specific examples from his writings. GeLBM GyBH

270. Boda Tstván. "Arany János 'különös természete' és az Arany balladák megrendült lelkű hősei," Egyetemes Philologiai Közlöny, LI (1927), 89-104; LII (1928), 81-94; LIII (1929); 13-25, 100-109. [Also a reprint]

A study of his personality and that of the protagonists in his ballads. Seeks to illuminate the deeper aspects of his inner life through the application of psychological analysis to the heroes of the ballads. [CU] CtY MnU NjP NNC OCl OCU AsWN FiHU GyBH

271. Trencsény Károly. Arany János és az eposzi közvagyon. Budapest: Pallas, 1928. 50p.

The various influences on the technical structure and content of his epics which are generally to be found as a part of the genre. Bibliographical footnotes. MH GeLBM

272. László Irma. Arany János angol irodalmi kapcsolatai. Pécs: Dunántúl Pécsi Egyetemi Könyvkiadó és Nyomda, 1932. 102p.

A study of his life and writings to determine his relationships with English literature and the extent to which they influenced his mode of poetic expression and theoretical ideas. Chapters on Byron and Arany's Shakespeare edition. Evidence of considerable influence without loss of individuality. Bibliographical footnotes. DLC GeLBM GyBH

273. Négyesy László. "Arany geniusza," Budapesti Szemle, CCXXVII, no. 660 (1932), 139-157.

The nature of his genius and the strengths that make "his writings constantly secure against the effects of time." Among the characteristics: the artistry of his narrative methods, his dramatic quality, the psychological power of his subject matter and characters, the tensions between his points of polarity, and the harmony between his individuality and that of the Hungarian people. DLC AsWN FiHI GeLBM GyBH

274. Ember Gyula. Arany gondolatvilága. Pécs: Dunántúl Pécsi Egyetemi Könyvkiadó és Nyomda, 1933. 66p.

The nature of his thought in two parts: (1) the development of his world viewpoints (their roots and the forces affecting them) and (2) a discussion of his world outlook (political views, attitudes toward society, moral view, concept of the family, philosophy of life). Bibliographical footnotes. GyBH

275. Sós Margit. Arany János irodalmi ellenzéke. Pécs: Pécsi Irodalmi és Könyvnyomdai r.t., 1933. 90p.

The opposition to his writings and critical principles, led by János Vajda and Gyula Reviczky. A record of the controversy by literary type and title, and an exploration of the opposition between Arany and Petőfi. Appendix: Texts of some of the criticisms and parodies written in the controversy. Bibliography, pp. 85-88. MnU NNC GyBH

276. Sík Sándor. "Arany János stílművészetéről," Szegedi Füzetek, I (1934), 42-57. [Also a reprint]

Seeks to show that his mastery of formal techniques gives him the power to express effectively whatever he wished at a particular moment. DLC MH MiU AsWN FiHI GeLBM GyGNSU

277. Halász Viola. Goethe és Arany. Budapest: Mérnökök, 1935. 79p.

The similarities and differences between the lives, ideas, aesthetics, and works of two "highly individualistic" poets. Bibliography, pp. 76-77. GeLBM GyBH

278. Nagy Sándor, Arany Toldija. Irodalomtörténeti és széptani tanulmány. Budapest: Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1935. 117p.

A study of Toldi: its sources and genesis, structure, narrative technique, style, and language: Bibliography, p.[118]. GyBH

279. Gelencsér Károly. Arany János folyóiratai. Budapest: Spitzer Aladár, 1936. 50p.

A discussion of two periodicals, Szépirodalmi Figyelő (1860-1862) and its continuation, Koszorú (1863-1865), both edited by Arany: their history, their character as learned and critical journals, their treatment of the question of folk poetry, and the significance of their literary undertakings. Appendix: An alphabetical author list of the contributions to the two periodicals. Bibliography, pp. 49-50. NNC GyBH

280. Keresztury Dezső. Arany János. Budapest: Magyar Szemle, 1937. 78p.

An effort to define the character of his poetry and his individuality by showing the various changes that occurred in his works during his development. Bibliography, pp. 77-78. DLC MH NN NNC GeLBM GeLU

281. Császár Elemér. Arany János. (Egyetemi előadás) Budapest: Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938. 159p.

Slight biographical discussion; extensive examination of his works, especially his legends, ballads, and chronicles, with respect to their character and aesthetic quality. Maintains that in no other Hungarian poet is there such an effective merging of the aesthetic and the moral. Bibliographical notes, pp. 149-158. MH MnU NNC GeLBM GyBH

282. Vámosgyörki Kerékgyártó Imre. Arany költői iskolája. (Az Aranyhagyományok élete) Budapest: Stephaneum, 1940. 81p.

After discussing the literary controversies at the end of the 19th century and the development of the "Arany School" of poets, examines the Arany tradition in the epic, in the lyric, in societal and moral concepts, and in views of Hungarian nationality. Bibliography, pp. 79-81.

283. Hajdu Hilda. A lírikus Arany-kör. Budapest: Kis Gyula és Társa, 1941. 240p.

The age of Arany characterized through the lyric poems of János Arany, Pál Gyulai, Károly Szász, József Lévay, and Ferene Mentovich. Neither a critical definition nor an individual portrait of each writer but a reconstruction of the entire period based mainly on the manner in which the last four lyrists grouped together especially around Arany, who was the focus of this period. Bibliography, separately numbered as I-III at end. MH NNC GeLBM

284. Kasza Györgyi. Arany János és a francia irodalom. [Disszertáció] Pécs: Rákóczi, 1941. 68p.

A study of his first readings of French literature, his knowledge of the French language, his acquaintance with French literature of the 17th, 18th, and, especially, the 19th century, the evidence of French influence on his writings (Victor Hugo, Béranger), his use of Amadée Thierry's Histoire d'Attila et de ses succeseurs as a source for his Hun trilogy, and Revue des Deux Mondes as a pattern for his editing of Szépirodalmi Figyelő and Koszorú. Bibliography, pp. 67-68. AsWN GyBH

285. Lukács György. "A százéves Toldi," Forum, II (1947), 489-503.

Develops the view that the Toldi cycle, by placing the peasant as a class within the national ideals of Hungary, fails to achieve its effect because the subject cannot be dealt with adequately within the form of the epic. Maintains that Arany shows his awareness of this fact when he deals with matters more appropriate to epic form in Toldi szerelme instead of the theme in the first and third parts. Also discusses Petőfi's connection with the question. [CSt-H] [NN] [FiHI] GeLBM GeLU GyBH

286. Bóka László. "A lírikus Arany," Tegnaptól máig. Válogatott tanulmányok, esszék, cikkek. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1958; 580p. Pp. 238-289. [Appeared in A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Nyelv- és irodalomtudományi Osztályának Közleményei, III (1952), 95-126]

The merits of his lyrics and the whole question of the nature of his relationships with Petőfi from a societal, revolutionary viewpoint. DLC MH MnU NNC FiHI GeLBM GyBDS GyGGaU GyGNSU

287. Sőtér István. "Arany János," Romantika és realizmus. Válogatott irodalmi tanulmányok. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1956; 611p. Pp. 155-216. [Version appeared in Csillag, VI (1952), 1360-1364, 1482-1490; VII (1953), 221-232]

The characteristics of his writings viewed by types and by periods of creativity, mainly after 1847 and primarily in relation to the problems of the times and the extent of their realistic style. DLC MnU NNC AsWN FiHI GeCU GeLBM GyGNSU

288. Hermann István. Arany János esztétikája. (Az elveszett alkotmánytól a Buda haláláig) Budapest: Kossuth Könyvkiadó, 1956. 285p.

A Marxist-Leninist study of the development of his aesthetics, mainly from 1849 to 1863, and its effect on his writings of the period. Pt. I: the similarities and differences between the views of Petőfi and Arany (prior to 1849); Pt. II: the development of Arany's aesthetic views and practices after 1849. Seen as major barrier to his development: his feeling the need to change his principles and poetic practices in the light of the social anc historical changes occurring after the failure of the Revolution and thus becoming unfaithful to the "people's aesthetics" of the earlier period. Bibliography, pp. 283-285. DLC MH NNC AsWN GeCU GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

289. Horváth János. "A nemzeti klasszicizmus irodalmi ízlése," Tanulmányok Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1956; 638p. Pp. 272-458. [University lectures given 1928-1930 and 1945-1948; 1st publication]

The development of classical tastes in Hungarian literature from Petőfi through the classical pattern in his poetry and its reception, through modifications of that pattern by Mihály Tompa and János Arany. Special attention to Petőfi's friendship with and influence on Arany; an examination of Arany's literary responses to the results of 1848-1849. DLC MH MnU NNC GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH GyGGaU GyGNSU

290. Baránszky Jób László. Arany lírai formanyelvének, fejlődéstörténeti helye. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1957. 104p.

Examines the societal viewpoints of Petőfi and Arany and their consequences on their forms of expression, then turns to the characterization of Arany's lyrical style as it is affected by his changing attitudes toward society and of its relationship with the literary forms of the period. Bibliographical footnotes. Plates, portraits, and facsimiles. DLC MH NN NNC GyBDS GyGNSU

291. Ferenczy Géza. "Arany János, nyelvünk búvára és művelője," Magyar Nyelvőr, LXXXI (1958), 387-402; LXXXII (1959), 1-14, 133-149. [Also a reprint]

After a general discussion of Arany's research in and cultivation of the Hungarian language, of the principles underlying his attitudes and of his views of the questions of language, the major theses and elements he used in his language teaching are developed, Bibliographical footnotes. CU DLC NN NNC FiHI GyBDS GyBH

292. Sőtér istván. Nemzet és haladás. Irodalmunk Világos után. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1963. 781p.

The development of new democratic and liberal trends in Hungarian literature from 1849 to the threshold of the Compromise of 1867, with the lifework of János Arany providing the fulcrum of the study. Also discusses the literary careers of János Vajda, Imre Madách, Mór Jókai, Zsigmond Kemény, Pál Gyulai and János Erdélyi with respect to these principles, and examines the new tendencies of the democratic and liberal ideology and their major subjects as they are manifested in the literature of the times. Bibliographical notes, pp. 735-745. Summary in French, pp. 747-756. ICU NN NNC AsWN FiHU GeLBM GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

293. Keresztury Dezső. "A Toldi néhány tanulsága," Kortárs, IX (1965), 896-906.

The circumstances concerning the writing of Toldi, Arany's and his contemporaries' concept of the nation and the people, the popular characteristics of Toldi, and the reception given to it. DLC MH FiHU GeLBM GyBH

ARANY LÁSZLÓ

Born March 24, 1844 in Nagyszalonta; died August 1, 1898 in Budapest. Poet, collector of folk tales, literary historian, translator. Son of János Arany (q.v.). Completed schooling at Reformed gymnasium in Nagykőrös, where father instructed him in prosody, writing poetry, and literary history, and at University of Budapest. Lawyer and bank official. Employed as clerk in Hungarian Mortgage Bank in 1866, where he encouraged Zoltán Ambrus (q.v.) to follow literary career; secretary to one of directors in 1870, one of directors in 1880. Awarded Kisfaludy-Társaság Prize for "Elfrida" in 1867, "Szökevény" in 1868, and A délibábok hőse in 1873. Visited Italy in 1870, England in 1871, and Constantinople in 1874. Married Gizella Szalay in 1875. Member of Kisfaludy-Társaság in 1867, corresponding member of Academy in 1874. Edited Magyar Népköltési Gyűjtemény, a very important collection of folk poetry, with Pál Gyulai (q.v.) 1872-1883. Parliamentary representative 1887-1892. Articles appeared mainly in Koszorú, Pesti Napló, Budapesti Szemle, and Budapesti Közlöny. ¶ Major contributor to development of verse novel in Hungary. Showed exceptional skill in use of irony. A délibábok hőse, a verse novel, his most important original work. Also wrote satirical poems, odes, and lyric poetry, and made significant contributions to knowledge of folklore with collections of tales and poems. Translated works of Pushkin, Lermontov, Shakespeare, and Molière with distinction. Critical studies concerned mainly with Hungarian folktales, political poetry, and theories of prosody ("Hangsúly és ritmus" an important source for today's Hungarian versification).

FIRST EDITIONS: Eredeti népmesék. Összegyűjtötte Arany László. Pest: Heckenast Gusztáv, 1862. 328p. - A két veronai ifjú. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1865. [From Szinnyei, I, 234] - Tévedések játéka. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1866. [From Szinnyei, I, 234] - A tudós nők. Írta Molière. [Fordítás] Pest, 1869. [From Szinnyei, I, 234] - Sok hűhó semmiért. Írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Pest, 1871. [From Szinnyei, I, 234] - A délibábok hőse. [Elbeszélő költemény] A Kisfaludy-Társaságnál jutalmat nyert költemény. Budapest: Ráth Mór, 1873. 182p. - Bérczy Károly emlékezete. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1876. 12p. - Költeményei. [A délibábok hőse és más költemények] Az előszót írta Gyulai Pál. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1899. 333p. [C]

EDITIONS

See also no. 303. Editorial works: nos. 202 and 204. Material in edition: nos. 207 (vol. 4) and 213 (vol. 1).

294. Összes művei. Közrebocsájtotta Gyulai Pál. I-V. kötet. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1900-1901. [B]

1. kötet: Költemények. 1900. 409p.

2-3. kötet: Tanulmányok. 1-2. kötet. 1901.

4. kötet: Magyar népmesék gyűjteménye. 1901. 304p.

5. kötet: Műfordításai Shakespeare és Molièreből. 1901. 355p.

ICU NNC GeLU GyBH GyGNSU

295. Munkái. [Költői művek és tanulmányok] Sajtó alá rendezte és bevezette Kozma Andor. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1904. 315p. [C] DLC MnU NNC OCl AsWU GeLBM

296. Magyar népmese gyűjtemény. Kiadja Arany László. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 19145. 302p. [C] DLC NN NNC OCl AsWU

297. A magyar emigráció mozgalmai. Hegedüs Géza bevezetésével és jegyzeteivel. Budapest: Budapest Székesfőváros, 1947. 115p. [C] DLC GeLBM

298. Magyar népmesék. Budapest: Móra, 1958. 215p. [C] DLC OCl GeLBM GyGNSU

299. Válogatott művei. Sajtó alá rendezte és a jegyzeteket írta Németh G. Béla. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1960. 547p. [C] DLC NN NNC AsWN GeLU GyBDS GyGNSU

BIBLIOGRAPHY

See no. 304.

CRITICISM

300. Gyulai Pál. "Magyar népmesék," Bírálatok. 1861-1903. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1911; 434p. Pp. 15-26. [Appeared in Budapesti Szemle, XV (1862), 386-392]

A review of his Eredeti népmesék (1862), and a discussion relating it to previous collections of Hungarian folk tales. MH MnU NN AsWN AsWU FiHI FiHU GeCU GeLBM GeLU GyBH

301. Kozma Andor. Arany László. Emlékbeszéd. Budapest: Franklin-Társulat, 1899. 44p.

His relations with his father (János Arany), the development of his literary career, and the characteristics of his works. GeLU

302. Voinovich Géza. "Arany László," Új Magyar Szemle, IV (1900), 357-376.

Characterizations of his poetry (especially A délibábok hőse) and his prose (literary and linguistic studies, historical and economics treatises, and shorter criticism). GyBH

303. Komlós Aladár. "Arany László," Tegnap és ma. Irodalmi tanulmányok. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1956; 359p. Pp. 81-101. [Appeared as introduction to A délibábok hőse. Budapest: Anonymous, 1946; 157p. Pp. 5-19.]

Traces the dualism toward life present in him from his youthful years: his sympathy with the revolutionary ideal and his desire for material wealth. A délibábok hőse examined as an expression of this conflict, not as a personal one but as that of the generation of his day. DLC MH MnU NNC AsWN GeLBM GeOB

304. Somogyi Sándor. Arany László. Budapest: Művelt Nép, 1956. 143p.

Some biographical material but mainly concerned with tracing his literary career and development through an examination of the subject and characteristics of his writings, in the belief that not enough materials are yet available for the preparation of a complete biography. Bibliography of his works and studies about him, pp. 134-140. DLC MH MnU NNC AsWU FiHI GeOB GyGNSU

305. Németh G. Béla. "Bevezetés," Arany László válogatott művei. Sajtó alá rendezte és a jegyzeteket írta Németh G. Béla. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1960; 547p. Pp. 5-109.

His life and writings examined not as "a psychological case history" in relation to his father's position but as an explanation of how he became "a sacrifice and at the same time a symbol of his times." DLC NN NNC AsWN GeLU GyBDS GyGNSU

BABITS MIHÁLY

Born November 26, 1883 in Szekszárd; died August 4, 1941 in Budapest. Poet, essayist, critic, aesthetician, translator. Father a judge in Szekszárd and then judge of Court of Appeals in Budapest and Pécs. Attended elementary schools in Budapest 1889-1891 and in Pécs 1891-1893, Cistercian gymnasium in Pécs 1893-1901, and University of Budapest 1901-1905, where he specialized in Hungarian and Latin and became acquainted with Dezső Kosztolányi and Gyula Juhász (qq.v.). Apprentice teacher in Cistercian gymnasium in Baja 1905-1906. Obtained teacher's certificate in 1906 and taught in gymnasium in Szeged 1906-1908 and then in Fogaras 1908-1911. Poems and translations began to appear in various newspapers in 1902. Contributed to Nyugat in 1908; became its editor in 1916. Taught at Kálmán Könyves Gymnasium in Újpest in 1911 and in Budapest 1912-1918. Approved of October Revolution in 1918, and early in 1919 was named professor of world literature and modern Hungarian literature at University of Budapest. Lost position after failure of Revolutionary Government. In 1921 married Ilona Tanner, who later published her own poetry, fiction, and studies as Sophie Török. His influence on direction of development of Nyugat increased. Purchased house in Esztergom in 1923 and summered there with wife. Became administrator of Baumgarten Foundation in 1927 and, when awards began in 1929, he was often attacked for decisions, in which he always had strong voice. Member of Kisfaludy-Társaság in 1929. Suffered attack of polyarthritis in 1932 and was treated in János Sanitorium in spring 1933. Visited Switzerland in 1934. Diagnosed as having cancer of larynx in early 1937 and underwent partially successful throat surgery in 1938. In 1940 awarded San Remo Prize by Italian government for translation of Dante's Divine comedy. Named member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences in that year. Died in Siesta Sanitorium after several months of pain. ¶ Among the most important contributors to development of 20th-century Hungarian literature. A very learned and versatile writer; noted mainly for lyric poems. Influenced by impressionism and symbolism and by many literary forces from Greek classicism to modern English poetry. Possessed strong standards of criticism and adhered to aesthetic principles despite nationalistic pressures for propaganda and didacticism. Showed deep compassion and humanistic outlook. Popularized discursive essay. Exerted considerable influence on the literature emerging in 1930's. Translated numerous works from English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Latin. ¶ A gólyakalifa has been translated into German and Italian; Az európai irodalom története into German and Turkish; Halálfiai into Italian; Hatholdas rózsakert into Italian and Serbian; Kártyavár into German and Italian; Timár Virgil fia into French, German, and Italian; and some of his poems and short stories into Bulgarian, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Rumanian, Russian, Slovakian, Spanish, and Swedish.

FIRST EDITIONS: Levelek Írisz koszorújából. [Versek] Budapest: Nyugat, 1909. 94p. - Herceg, hátha megjön a tél is! [Versek] Budapest: Nyugat, 1911. 104p. - Két kritika. [Petőfi és Arany, Az irodalom halottai] Budapest: Nyugat, 1911. 66p. - Dante komédiája. I. A Pokol. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1913. [From Gulyás, I, 956] - Gólyakalifa. Regény és néhány novella. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1916. 320p. - Recitativ. [Versek] Budapest: Nyugat, 1916. 131p. - A vihar. írta Shakespeare. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1916. [From Gulyás, I, 956] - Wilde Oszkár verseiből. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1916. [From Gulyás, I, 956) - Irodalmi problémák. [Tanulmányok] Budapest: Nyugat, 1917. 285p. - Az örök béke. Írta Immanuel Kant. [Forditotta és bevezette] Budapest, 1918. [From Gulyás, I,957] - Dante komédiája. II. A Purgatorium. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1920. [From Gulyás, I, 956] - Karácsonyi Madonna. [Elbeszélések] Budapest: Táltos, 1920. 246p. - Nyugtalanság völgye. [Költemények] Budapest: Táltos, 1920. 87p. - Pávatollak. Müfordítások. Budapest: Táltos, 1920. 134p. Erato. Wien, 1921. [From Gulyás, I, 957] - Laodameia. [Dráma] Budapest: Táltos, 1921. 84p. - A napló. Írta Goethe. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1921. [From Gulyás, I, 957] - Az önző. Írta George Meredith. [Fordítás] I-II. kötet. Budapest, 1921. [From Gulyás, I, 957] - Gondolat és írás. Budapest, 1922. [From Gulyás, I, 957] - Kleopatra egy éjszakája. Írta Théophile Gauthier. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1922. [From Gulyás, I, 957] - Timár Vigil fia. [Novellák] Budapest: Athenaeum, 1922 [1921]. 179p. - Aranygaras. Mesék. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1923. 143p. - Dante komédiája. III.A Paradicsom. [Fordítás] Budapest, 1923. [From Gulyás, I, 956] - Kártyavár. Egy város regénye. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1923. 356p. - Romlás virágai. Írta Charles Baudelaire. [Fordította Szabó Lőrinc- és Tóth Árpáddal] Budapest, 1923. [From Gulyás, I, 958] - Halálfiai. [Regény] Budapest: Athenaeum, 1927. 695p. - Groteszkek és arabeszkek. Írta Edgar Poe. [Fordítás] Budapest; 1928. [From Gulyás, I, 958] - Versek. 1902-1927. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1928. 414p. - Élet és irodalom. [Tanulmányok] Budapest, 1929. [From Gulyás, I, 958] - Az istenek halnak, az ember él. Versek. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1929. 61p. - Dante. Bevezetés a Divina comedia olvasásához. Budapest, 1930. [From Gulyás, I, 959] - Oedipus király és egyéb műfordítások. Budapest,1931. [From Gulyás, I, 959] - A torony árnyéka. Mesék és novellák. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1931. 248p. - Új anthológia. Fiatal költők 100 legszebb verse. [Összeállítás] Budapest, 1932. [From Gulyás, I, 959] - Amor sanctus. Középkori himnuszok latinul és magyarul. [Fordítás és magyarázat] Budapest,1933. [From Gulyás, I, 959] - Elza pilóta vagy a tökéletes társadalom. Regény. Budapest: Nyugat, 1933. 362p. - Versenyt az esztendőkkel! Újköltemények, 1928-1933. Budapest: Nyugat, 1933. 128p. - Az európai irodalom története: Budapest: Nyugat, 1934. 355p. - Hatholdas rózsakert. [Novellák] Budapest: Athenaeum, 1937. 157p. - Continued under EDITIONS.

EDITIONS

See also nos. 349, 354, and 2203. Material in editions: p. 271 and no. 1718. Annotated works: nos. 258, 1486, 1488, 1742, 1748, 2168, 2203, 2828, 2832, 3007, 3375, 3940, and 4141.

306. Összegyűjtött munkái. I-X. kötet. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1937-1939.

1. kötet: Összes versei, 1902-1937. 1937. 491p.

2. kötet: Írás és olvasás. Tanulmányok. 1938. 389p.

3. kötet: Ezüstkor. Tanulmányok. 1938. 350p.

4-5. kötet: Halálfiai. [Regény] 1-2. kötet. 1939.

6. kötet: Timár Virgil fia. [Regény] Kártyavár. [Regény] 1937. 368p.

7. kötet: A gólyakalifa. [Regény] Elza pilóta. [Regény] 1939. 365p.

8. kötet: Összes novellái. 1938. 399p.

9. kötet: Kisebb műfordításai. 1939. 387p.

10. kötet: Dante Komédiája. [Teljes fordítás] 1939. 519p.

[DLC] [ICU] MnU [NN] [NNC] [AsWN] AsWU [GeLBM] GyBH GyGNSU

307. Jónás könyve. [Verses elbeszélés] Budapest: Nyugat, 19391. 40p.

308. Keresztül kasúl az életemen. [Önéletrajzi feljegyzések] Budapest: Nyugat, 19391. 199p.

309. Hátrahagyott versei. Sajtó alá rendezte Illyés Gyula. Budapest: Nyugat, 19411. 54p. [B] MH MnU NNC OCl FiHI GeLBM

310. Írók két háború közt. [Irodalmi tanulmányok] Budapest: Nyugat, 19411. 287p. [C]

311. A második ének. [Dráma] Budapest: Nyugat, 19421. 103p. [C] NN NNC OCl GyBH

312. Ünnepi beszédei. Születése hatvanadik évfordulójának emlékére. Budapest: Baumgarten Ferenc Irodalmi Alapítvány, 19431. 60p. NNC

313. Jónás könyve. [A verses elbeszélés kéziratának hasonmáskiadása] Budapest: Nyugat, 1947. 16p. DLC MH MiD NN OCl AsWN GyBH GyGNSU

314. Hatholdas rózsakert. Vidéki komédia. [Elbeszélés] Újvidék: Testvériség-Egység, 1952. 75p. [C] GeLU GyBH GyGGaU

315. Az európai irodalom története. Budapest: Európa, 1957. 554p. [C] DLC MH NNC OCl FiHI GeLU GyBDS GyGNSU

316. Művei. [Élő sorozat?] [I-VII.] kötet. Budapest: Európa, 1957-1964. [B]

[Volumes not numbered; arranged chronologically]

1. A gólyakalifa. Kártyavár. [Regények] 1957. 403p.

2. Drámafordítások. Sajtó alá rendezte Rozgonyi Iván. 1958. 331p.

3-4. Halálfiai. Regény. Az utószót írta Ungvári Tamás. 1-2. kötet. 1959.

5. Versfordításai. Sajtó alá rendezte Rozgonyi Iván. 1961. 358p.

6. Összegyűjtött versei. Sajtó alá rendezte Rozgonyi Iván, a bevezető tanulmányt írta Szauder József. 1961. 553p.

7. Novellák. 1964. 357p.

[DLC] [InU] [MH] [NN] [NNC] [OCl] [AsWN] GyGNSU

317. Válogatott versei. Válogatta Illyés Gyula, sajtó alá rendezte és jegyzetekkel ellátta Belia György. Budapest: Móra, 1957. 274p. [C] DLC MH GyBDS

318. Babits-Juhász [Gyula]-Kosztolányi levelezése. Török Sophie gyűjtése alapján sajtó alá rendezte és a jegyzeteket írta Belia György. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Irodalomtörténeti Intézete, 19591. 347p. [A] MH MnU NNC GeCU GeLBM GyBH GyGNSU

319. Válogatott művei. Válogatta és bevezette Keresztury Dezső, sajtó alá rendezte Ungvári Tamás, jegyzetekkel ellátta Belia György. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1959. [C]

1. kötet: Versek, nagyobb költemények, műfordítások. 327p.

2. kötet: Szépprózai művek, tanulmányok. 449p.

CU CtY IC MnU NB NN NNC AsWN GeCU GeLBM GyBDS GyBH GyGGaU

320. Jónás könyve. [Verses elbeszélés] Az utószót írta Ungvári Tamás. Budapest: Magyar Helikon, 1961. 69p. [C] NNC GyBDS GyBH

BIBLIOGRAPHY

See also nos. 338, 348, 349, and 358.

321. Sárkány Oszkár (összeáll.). "Babits-bibliográfia," Babits emlékkönyv. Szerkesztette Illyés Gyula. Budapest: Nyugat, 1941; 311p. Pp. 287-308.

Lists his works by year of publication. Data: title, publisher, place of publication and total pages for books; title, periodical, volume, and inclusive pages for articles. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWN FiHI GeCU GeLU GyBH GyGNSU

BIOGRAPHY

See also no. 2203.

322. Móricz Zsigmond. "Babits Mihály," Irodalomról, művészetről. 1899-1942. Sajtó alá rendezte Szabó Ferenc. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1959. II, 468-471. [Appeared in Babits-emlékkönyv, pp. 139-141; see no. 344]

A view of his character and personality based an Móricz's recollections; appreciations of his writings. DLC MH MnU NB NNC AsWN AsWU FiHI GeCU GyBDS

323. Móricz Zsigmond. "Babits Mihállyal a Garda-tón," Irodalomról, művészetről. 1899-1942. Sajtó alá rendezte Szabó Ferenc. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1959. II,442-459. [Appeared in Kelet Népe, VII (August 15, 1941), l-5]

An account of Móricz's discussions and experiences with Babits in Italy. DLC MH MnU NB NNC AsWN AsWU FiHI GeCU GyBDS

324. Belia György. "Két fejezet Babits Mihály életrajzából," Dunántúl, IV (1955), 58-67.

Details of his life in two parts: (1) his family and (2) his years of schooling in the Pécsi gymnasium and his first verses.

325. Belia György. "Babits Mihály Baján," Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, LX (1956), 138-151.

Details of his activities and writings at Baja, 1905-1906, and a list of the 39 poems he wrote while a teacher at the gymnasium. Bibliographical footnotes. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWN GeLBM GyBH

326. Bisztray Gyula. "Babits fogarasi évei," Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, LX (1956), 300-310, 431-446.

His life and activities in Fogaras based in part on personal recollections and in part on data from documents. In several unrelated sections: Bisztray's, Sophie Török's, and Pál Ambrózy's recollections; the significance of the years to his lifework; topography and local color; the Gymnasium; his teaching activities. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWU GeLBM GyBH

327. Basch Lóránt. "Egy literáris pör története," Irodalomtörténet, XLVII (1959), 408-433. [Also a reprint]

Explores the probable causes of the opposition between Babits and Attila József. Bibliographical footnotes. Facsimiles. CU DLC MH MnU NN NNC AsWU GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH

328. Kardos Pál. "Ady és Babits kapcsolata 1919-ig," Acta Universitatis Debreceniensis, VII (1961), 45-59. [Also a reprint]

The relationships between Ady and Mihály Babits until 1919-primarily the views of Babits towards Ady's poetry and its place in the development of the literature of the period. Shows that the two respected each other more than previously believed by Gyula Földessy. NN FiHI FiHU GeLBM GeOB GyBDS GyBH

329. Basch Lóránt. "A halál pitvarában. (Emlékezéseimből Babits Mihály utolsó éveire)," Jelenkor, V (1962), 90-99.

Accounts of episodes during the last years of his life based on Basch's recollections: the burial of Dezső Kosztolányi, the course of Babits's illness, and details about the publication of the complete edition of his poems. Illustrations. CU DLC InNd NN GeLBM GyBH

330. Éder Zoltán. "Adalékok Babits újpesti és budapesti középiskolai tanárságának éveihez," Irodalomtörténet, L (1962), 138-146. [Also a reprint]

The major occurrences in his teaching activities at the Újpest and Budapest high schools from 1911 to 1918. Bibliographical footnotes. CU DLC MH MnU NN NNC AsWU GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH

331. Kiss Ferenc. A beérkezés küszöbén. Babits, Juhász és Kosztolányi ifjúkori barátsága. Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Irodalomtörténeti Intézete, 1962. 153p.

The details of the first stage of friendship among the three writers, from 1904 to 1907, when they enjoyed intimate and genuinely friendly relations and shared their creativity. Bibliographical footnotes. MH GyBDS GyGNSU

332. Kardos Pál. "Babits viszonya Adyhoz 1919 után," Studia Litteraria, I (1963), 123-139. [Also a reprint]

Finds that, again contrary to Gyula Földessy's view, Babits considered Ady to be a great poet and revolutionary after the events of 1919. Summary in Russian, p. 138, in German, pp. 138-139. MnU AsWN FiHI GeOB GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

333. Éder Zoltán. Babits a katedrán. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1966. 273p.

A study of his career as a teacher and writer of pedagogical works from 1905 to 1917, when he taught secondary school in Baja, Szeged, Fogaras (in Transylvania), Újpest, and Budapest. Emphasis on his teaching activity but attention to the special character of his pedagogical views and to the connections between his development as a poet and writer and his teaching and his pedagogical concepts. Based on documents in the Babits archives in the National Széchényi Library and in the records of the schools where he taught. DLC NNC GeLBM GyBH GyGNSU

CRITICISM

See also nos. 57, 77, 80, 198, 841, 1428, 1485,1629, 1962, 2829, 3093, 3099, 3941, 3944, 3952, 4551, and 4624.

334. Kosztolányi Dezső. "Babits Mihály," Írók, festők, tudósok. Tanulmányok magyar kortársakról. Gyűjtötte, sajtó alá rendezte, az utószót és a jegyzeteket írta Réz Pál. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1958. I, 226-263. [Appeared in Auróra, I (April 8, 1911), 37-38; Élet, no. 41 (October 13, 1912), 1287; Nyugat, IX (June 1, 1916), 644-645; Új Magyar Szemle, II (1920), 235-242; Nyugat, XV (January 16, 1922), 155-156]

Five articles dealing with the characteristics and merits of his various writings and the quality of the writer himself. DLC MH NjN NN NNC AsWN GeCU GyBH GyGNSU

335. Schöpflin Aladár. "Babits Mihály," Magyar írók. Irodalmi arcképek és tollrajzok. Budapest: Nyugat, 1917; 236p. Pp. 186-193. [Appeared in Nyugat, VII (June, 1914), 801-805]

The writer as he is to be found in his works, and the merits of his writings. InU MnU NNC GeLBM GyBH GyGGaU

336. Szabó Lőrinc. "Nyugtalanság völgye (Babits Mihály legújabb versei. Táltos, 1920)," Nyugat, XIV (January 1, 1921), 47-51.

A review of the 1920 edition of newest poems discussing their form and motif ("yearning for simplicity") and the character of his free verse. MH MnU NNC FiHU GeLBM GyBH

337. "Babits Mihály-szám," Nyugat, XVII (April 1, 1924), 482-573.

A memorial issue consisting of separate studies of various aspects of his life, character, and writings, by several hands. MH MnU NNC FiHU GeLBM GyBH

338. Juhász Géza. Babits Mihály. Budapest: Studium, 1928. 47p.

A biography and a study of the subject matter and distinguishing characteristics of his writings. Bibliography, including lists of translations of his works, pp. 43-45. MH NNC FiHI GeLBM GyBH

339. Illyés Gyula. "Két bevezető Móricz Zsigmond és Babits Mihály szerzői estjeihez," Nyugat, XXV (December 16, 1932), 621-627.

Two short discussions: (1) Móricz's natural gifts as a writer and his redirecting the attention of Hungarian poets to the Hungarian people, their poverty and their present conditions out of which their future is to develop, and (2) a general characterization of Babits's creative efforts in poetry. MnU NN NNC FiHU GeLBM [GeLU] GyBH

340. Oláh Gábor. Babits Mihály 25 éve. Szeged: Szeged Városi Nyomda, 1932. 12p.

The development of his individuality as a poet in three periods: to 1914 ("the age of beauty"), the five years of World War I("the age of goodness"), and the period after the 1919 Revolution ("the age of truth"). Opens with a discussion of the roots of his poetry in Mihály Vörösmarty and János Arany. MnU

341. Halász Gábor. "Egy ízlésforma önarcképe. Jegyzetek Babits Mihály irodalomtörténetéhez," Válogatott írásai. Szerkesztette, az utószót és a jegyzeteket írta Véber Károly. Budapest: Magvető, 1959; 80lp. Pp. 258-266. [Appeared in Nyugat, XXVIII (August, 1935), 117-121 ]

Maintains that Az európai irodalom története is not a genuine literary history but a reflection of Babits's own personal tastes. DLC NNC GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

342. Illés Endre. "Babits Mihály," Krétarajzok. Budapest: Magvető, 1957; 554p. Pp. 58-76. [Appeared in Nyugat; XXX (May, 1937), 357-359 and XXXI (August, 1938), 125-128; Magyar Csillag, III (December, 1943), 709-711]

Three separate articles: Illés's recollections of Babits, Babits's qualities as a novelist, and commentary on Hatholdas rózsakert. DLC MH GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

343. Halász Gábor. "Babits, az eszéíró," Válogatott írásai. Szerkesztette, az utószót és a jegyzeteket írta Véber Károly. Budapest: Magvető, 1959; 801p. Pp. 402-409. [Appeared in Nyugat, XXXI (March, 1938), 226-230]

The character of the thought in his essays, especially the connection between the art and the ideas of the writer. DLC NNC GeLBM GeLU GyBDS GyBH GyGNSU

344. Babits emlékkönyv. Szerkesztette Illyés Gyula. Budapest: Nyugat, 1941. 311p.

A memorial volume of studies arranged under subject headings: his works, his thought, his artistry, the man, his last days. Illustrations. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWN FiHI GeCU GeLBM GeLU GyBH GyGNSU

345. Brisits Frigyes. Babits Mihály. Budapest: Magyar Irodalomtörténeti Társaság, 1941. 10p.

An evaluation of his contributions to Hungarian literature and a characterization of his various kinds of writings. On the occasion of his death.

346. Kárpáti Aurél. Babits Mihály életműve. Budapest: Athenaeum, 1941.72p.

The characteristics and merits of his works by genres: poetry, novels, short stories, essays, translations. Most attention to his essays. MnU NN AsWN GeLBM GyBH

347. Kolozsvári Grandpierre Emil. "Babits prózája," Legendák nyomában. Az utószó Horváth Zsigmond munkája. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1959; 380p. Pp. 198-206. [Appeared in Babits-emlékkönyv, pp. 68-72; see no. 344]

Characterizes the qualities of his use of words, sentences, and music in his prose. DLC MH MnU NB NNC AsWN GeLBM GeOB GyBH GyGNSU

348. Ferenczy Piroska. Babits és Ady. Két költőtipus a "Nyugat"-ban. Budapest: A Szerző, 1942. 94p.

Examines Babits and Ady as representing different schools contributing to the periodical Nyugat, and discusses the adherents of each, all in separate chapters. Bibliographical notes, pp. 85-90; bibliography, pp. 91-92.

349. Gál István. Babits és az angol irodalom. Debrecen: Dunántúl Pécsi Egyetemi Könyvkiadó és Nyomda, 1942. 140p.

His relations with English and American literature, primarily the former: his knowledge of the language, his English library, his translations, his activities in behalf of English culture in Hungary, the influence on his writings. Appendixes: (1) English books in his library, (2) His first Shakespeareian study, (3) Principles and drafts of his translations, (4) His unknown translations, and (5) Complete list of his English translations. Bibliographical footnotes. Summary in English, -pp. 136-140. CoU DLC MH MnU NIC NNC FiHU GeLBM GeOB GyBH

350. Illyés Gyula. "Babitsról - külföldieknek," Válasz, IX (1949), 133-135.

A preface to the German edition of Az európai irodalom története (1949) characterizing it as the work of a literary writer who, since his childhood, mastered the languages required to know the writers in the book through their own language and who has made the largest contribution toward acquainting Hungarians with the literature of Europe. DLC

351. Rónay György. "Jegyzetek Babitsról," Vigilia, XIV (1949), 13-23.

Discusses his attitudes toward the relationship of the self with the cosmos and his movement toward a relationship with man under the influence of his experiences, especially those during World War I, and the resolution of the problem on the basis of Catholicism. DLC NN NNC

352. Pósa Péter. Babits Mihály: "Kártyavár." Szeged: Szegedi Nyomda, 1956. 22p.

An analysis of Kártyavár and an effort to establish its place among Hungarian novels of the 20th century: the art of its character portrayal, its composition, its style, and the meaning of its symbols.

353. Keresztury Dezső. "Babits Mihály," Babits Mihály válogatott művei. Válogatta Keresztury Dezső, sajtó alá rendezte Ungvári Tamás, a jegyzeteket összeállította Belia György. I-II.kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1959. I, vii-xci.

His literary development, his concepts of literature, and the strengths and shortcomings of his writings. CU CtY IC MnU NB NN NNC AsWN GeCU GeLBM GyBDS GyGGaU

354. Ungvári Tamás. "Adalékok Babits Mihály pályaképéhez (1918-1919)," Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, LXIII (1959), 235-250.

Individual sections dealing with his support of and change in attitude toward the "bourgeois revolution of October, 1918" based on previously unknown notes, drafts, and texts for lectures, which are published for the first time. Bibliographical footnotes. Summary in English, p. 250. DLC MnU NN NNC AsWU GeLBM GyBH

355. Hatvany Lajos. "Vázlatok Babits Mihályról," Irodalmi tanulmányok. I-II. kötet. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó, 1960. I, 131-235. [Based on an unpublished manuscript dated Vienna, 1921-1922]

A critical attack on almost every aspect of his creativity and thought. MnU NN NNC AsWN GeLBM GyBDS GyGNSU

356. Rába György. "Világirodalmi hatások a fiatal Babits költészetében," Világirodalmi Figyelő, VI (1960), 419-438.

Finds some of his early poems influenced by such poets as: Baudelaire, Poe, Swinburne, Jean Richepin, and Detlev Liliencron. Examination of parallel passages. Bibliographical footnotes. Summary in French, p. 438. DLC NN NNC FiHI FiHU GeLBM GyBDS GyBH

357. Rába György. "Babits Dante-fordítása," Filológiai Közlöny, VII (1961), 43-68. [Also a reprint]

Compares his translation of the Divine Comedy with that of Károly Szász, and examines his translation for its distinctive qualities, often comparing it with the original. Bibliographical footnotes. DLC MH NN AsWN GeLBM GeOB GyBDS GyBH

358. J. Soltész Katalin. Babits Mihály költői nyelve. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1965. 387p.

An analysis of his poetic language in his verse, prose, and translations leading to characterizations of his style: phonetics, morphology, syntax, and means of poetic expression. Appendix: A registry of the poems according to the verse forms he used classified by Hungarian, West European, classical, free verse, and mixed meters. Bibliography, pp. 382-384. CU DLC InU MH MnU AsWN GeLBM GeOB GyBDS GyGNSU